The euro is the second-most popular currency (behind the American dollar) and is used daily by more than 320 million people. The program highlights Europes rich cultural diversity, celebrates its cultural ties, and brings people of different European backgrounds together. These projected changes will have two major effects: There will be a smaller work force to create a dynamic and industrious economy, and governments and citizens will have to care for more elderly people.These changes will affect different regions of Europe in different ways. To contact our editors please use our contact form. It is 1733 meters (5,686 feet) deep and is located near the Swiss and Italian borders, in the area of the Savoy Alps close to the village of Samoens. All in all, Europe enjoys a considerable and long-exploited resource base of soil, forest, sea, and minerals (notably coal), but its people are increasingly its principal resource. Europe is a peninsula of the Eurasian supercontinent and is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean, Black, and Caspian Seas to the south. The Mediterranean Sea to the south separates Europe from Africa. Flag. These events had a devastating effect on Denmarks reputation as a progressive and welcoming country. Imperialism is a policy that has been used throughout history, most notably by European powers and the United States. The southeast boundary with Asia is not universally defined, but the modern definition is generally the Ural River or, less commonly, the Emba River. Author of, Emeritus Professor of Geography, Portland State University, Oregon. Physiographically, it is the northwestern peninsula of the larger landmass known as Eurasia (or the larger Afro-Eurasia); Asia occupies the centre and east of this continuous landmass. Those highland areas include lands of abundant rainfallwhich supplies hydroelectricity and water to industrial citiesand provide summer pastures for cattle. Europes boundaries have been especially uncertain, and hence much debated, on the east, where the continent merges, without sundering physical boundaries, with parts of western Asia. It is the smallest country both in size and population. The link between these peninsulas has made Europe a dominant economic, social, and cultural force throughout recorded history.Europes physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately.Today, Europe is home to the citizens of Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kosovo, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland), and Vatican City.Cultural GeographyEurope has a long history of human development and is considered the birthplace of Western Civilization. 33 forms the majority of the population while 54 are ethnic minorities. Desert climates are found in the European portion of Kazakhstan and South Eastern Spain. Flourishing immigrant communities are bringing in new languages to the continent, including Arabic, Hindi, and Mandarin.A 2006 European study showed that 53 percent of respondents could speak a second language, while 28 percent could speak two foreign languages. Moose, bear, and elk (Cervus canadensis) are native to the European taiga.Just south of the taiga is a mixture of coniferous and deciduous trees, including beech, ash, poplar, and willow. Europe is traditionally defined as one of seven continents. The volcanoes of Lemnos, an island in the Mediterranean, and Mount Etna, on the island of Sicily, were believed to be the forges of Hephaestus, the Greek god of fire. The North European Plain extends across the country's northern reaches; this flat, lowland terrain is dissected by . The country is also home to a number of outstanding schools for automotive design, such as the Hochschule Esslingen and Hochschule Pforzheim.Political GeographyEuropes long history and economic progress have been shaped by its political geography. Its major peninsulas include Jutland and the Scandinavian, Iberian, Italian, and Balkan peninsulas. Lands lying at high elevations can, of course, be lands of low relief, but on the European continent relief tends to become more rugged as elevation increases. Important Scandinavian companies focused on designed products include Electrolux, which makes home electronics, and Ikea and H&M, famous around the world for inexpensive but well-designed home furnishings and clothing, respectively. Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting our website. In the Alps, Mont Blanc rises to a height of 15,771 feet (4,807 metres), which is the highest point on the continent. Important highlands in this region include the Massif Central and the Vosges in France, the Ardennes of Belgium, the Black Forest and the Taunus in Germany, and the Ore and Sudeten in the Czech Republic. The 15 rivers of Europe by average discharge, including only rivers directly flowing into the World Ocean or Endorheic basins: Aegean Islands, land, Balearic Islands, Corsica, Crete, Cyprus (Adjacent to Asia), Fyn, Faroe Islands, Gotland, Great Britain, Hinnya, Iceland, Ionian Islands, Ireland, Malta, North Jutlandic Island, Saaremaa, Sardinia, Senja, Sicily, Svalbard and Zealand. In spite of its internal diversity, Europe has thus functioned, from the time it first emerged in the human consciousness, as a world apart, concentratingto borrow a phrase from Christopher Marloweinfinite riches in a little room.. Fortuitously, Europe has no continuous mountain obstacle aligned north-south, corresponding, for example, to the Western Cordillera of North America and the Andes Mountains of South America, that would limit access into western Europe from the ocean. A growing percentage of people in urban areas are employed in a wide range of service activities, which have come to dominate the economies of most countries. Most Greek gods and goddesses are representations of the active physical elements that made up the local landscape. You cannot download interactives. The Netherlands is a country located in Northwestern Europe. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. European Commission: European Capital of Culture. Por favor, active JavaScript. Climatically, Europe benefits by having only a small proportion of its surface either too cold or too hot and dry for effective settlement and use. Although this area remains heavily forested, the continent's forests were drastically reduced as a result of intense urbanization throughout human history. Protests developed across the Muslim world, and demonstrators set fire to Danish embassies in Lebanon, Iran, and Syria. Most extensive between the Baltic and White seas in the north and the Black, Azov, and Caspian seas in the south, the lowland area narrows westward, lying to the south of the northwestern highlands; it is divided also by the English Channel and the mountains and plateaus of central Europe. It is geographically positioned both in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres of the Earth. The northern plain contains the old geological continent of Baltica, and so may be regarded as the "main continent", while peripheral highlands and mountainous regions in south and west constitute fragments from various other geological continents. Ancient Greeks believed it was the home of the gods. It has been somewhat problematical to pin down the biggest glacier in Europe because biggest is open to interpretation of length, depth and width, plus they can change quite dramatically in a short space of time. It runs for 2,294 miles through central Russia. The boundary continues to the Caspian Sea, the crest of the Caucasus Mountains (or, less commonly, the river Kura in the Caucasus), and on to the Black Sea. The population within the standard physical geographical boundaries was 701 million in 2005 according to the United Nations. Europe occupies some 4 million square miles (10 million square km) within the conventional borders assigned to it. Glaciation is the process of land being transformed by glaciers or ice sheets. Intense trade introduced many species, which often overtook native plants. Europe extends from the island nation of Iceland in the west to the Ural Mountains of Russia in the east. Around 10% of the world's population lives in Europe. Europe has less precipitation in the east than in central and western Europe. The name Europe, or Europa, is believed to be of Greek origin, as it is the name of a princess in Greek mythology. The climate supports a wide variety of seasonal crops. All rights reserved. This description is simplified. Rocks of all geologic periods are exposed, and the operation of geologic forces during an immense succession of eras has contributed to the molding of the landscapes of mountain, plateau, and lowland and has bequeathed a variety of mineral reserves. There are more bicycles than people in the country (22.3 million bicycles and 17 million people). But, I agree - the lines are very blurred. Nonetheless, in manufacturing and agriculture Europe still occupies an eminent, if no longer necessarily predominant, position. Examination of Turkey's topographic structure on a physical map of the world shows clearly the . In terms of shape, Europe is a collection of connected peninsulas and nearby islands. Some critics argue these attitudes are xenophobic. Not only is it pretty huge (2.5 times the size of Mount Vesuvius, which so famously buried Pompeii), but it is also one of the most active volcanoes in the world. About 18% of all Europeans consider themselves as atheist or not religious. City-states were unique in that they were governed not by a hereditary ruler, but by a political body that represented its citizens. Italian fashion is also an important cultural export. The worn-down Ural Mountains also belong in that category, and their highest point, Mount Narodnaya (6,217 feet [1,895 metres]), corresponds approximately to that of the Massif Central in south-central France. Flora & FaunaMuch like its physical regions, Europe's plant and animal communities follow a general north-south orientation. Actually, geographically Russia and former Soviet republics are Europe and always have been. The Sami culture of Scandinavia, for example, was deeply connected to the indigenous reindeer herds of the Arctic. Establishing fishing limits, protecting threatened habitats, and encouraging sustainable consumption habits are some efforts supported by European conservationists. Figures for the population of Europe vary according to which definition of European boundaries is used. I think this makes it easy to assume they are not part of continental Europe. This region is sparsely populated except in the Rhine, Rhne, Elbe, and Danube river valleys.Alpine MountainsThe Alpine Mountains include ranges in the Italian and Balkan peninsulas, northern Spain, and southern France. All rights reserved. Many of Europe's fjords are located in Iceland and Scandinavia.North European PlainThe North European Plain extends from the southern United Kingdom east to Russia. The program has provided a lasting economic boost to cities and regions, raised their international profiles, and enhanced their images in the eyes of their own inhabitants.Each year, two or three cities are chosen to produce a year-long program of cultural events. Because of their remoteness, however, all these regions have distinct dialects that differ slightly from their parent language. The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. The Netherlands shares its maritime borders with UK and France. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. Corrections? Biology, Ecology, Earth Science, Geology, Geography, Physical Geography. A contrast exists between the configuration of peninsular, or western, Europe and that of eastern Europe, which is a much larger and more continental area. Furthermore, the Mediterranean coastlands of North Africa and southwestern Asia also exhibit some European physical and cultural affinities. The Kimmel Falls are in Hohe Tauen National Park and are one of Austrias most visited tourist attractions. Topography is the study of the Earth's surface. As a conceptual construct, Europa, as the more learned of the ancient Greeks first conceived it, stood in sharp contrast to both Asia and Libya, the name then applied to the known northern part of Africa. When you reach out to him or her, you will need the page title, URL, and the date you accessed the resource. Ethnic Groups / People of Europe are at 87. Many of the most socially and economically powerful elements of these societies will be led by immigrants.Developing countries, such as those in eastern and southern Europe, are expected to bear the worst of the depopulation trend. The North European Plain, common to much of Poland, northern Germany, and Denmark, broadens in western France and continues, across the narrow seas, in southeastern Great Britain and Ireland. Europe Facts for KS2 Children. Population Density188 people per square kilometer, Highest ElevationMount Elbrus, Russia (5,642 meters/18,510 feet), Most Renewable Electricity ProducedIceland (99.9%; hydropower, geothermal), Largest Urban AreaMoscow, Russia (16.2 million people), Largest WatershedVolga River (1.38 million square km/532,821 square miles). The lowest terrain in Europe, virtually lacking relief, stands at the head of the Caspian Sea; there the Caspian Depression reaches some 95 feet (29 metres) below sea level. Another important physical feature is the southeast-northwest zone of windblown loess deposits that have accumulated from eastern Britain to Ukraine. Europe is sometimes called a "peninsula of peninsulas", to draw attention to the fact that Europe is a relatively small, elongated appendage to Asia, and that a large part of Europe is made up of peninsulas. Yet it was not until the 19th and 20th centuries that modern science was able to draw with some precision the geologic and geographic lineaments of the European continent, the peoples of which had meanwhile achieved domination overand set in motion vast countervailing movements amongthe inhabitants of much of the rest of the globe (see Western colonialism). Here are 21 things about this amazing continent that may just surprise you. Let's take a short tour around some of the most notable geographical facts about Europe. The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. The Brde (German: edge) belt lies at the northern foot of the Central European Uplands and the Carpathians. When you reach out to him or her, you will need the page title, URL, and the date you accessed the resource. Topography and bathymetry are shown in a combination of color with shaded relief. Nearly 100% of Ukraine's adult population is literate. It is bordered on the north by the Arctic Ocean, on the west by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the south (west to east) by the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, the Kuma-Manych Depression, and the Caspian Sea. The highest points reached in Norway and Sweden are, respectively, Galdh Peak (8,100 feet [2,469 metres]) and Mount Kebne (6,926 feet [2,111 metres]). Asia is not Europe ;-). 3. The central uplands and plateaus present distinctive landscapes of rounded summits, steep slopes, valleys, and depressions. Trees also grow in that southernmost region, including the Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis), cypress, and cork oak (Quercus suber). The low starting elevation makes the Volga a slow flowing river. Wcz obsug JavaScript. Europe's northernmost point is the Svalbard archipelago of Norway, and it reaches as far south as the islands of Greece and Malta.Europe is sometimes described as a peninsula of peninsulas. These nations do not feel an obligation to accept illegal immigrants, seeing them as both a threat and a burden.Supporters of the crackdown want to stop illegal immigration. Projects are meant to stay a part of the city after 2011some pieces of sculpture may be used for athletics, for instance. The landlocked countries in Europe are: Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Belarus, Czech Republic, Hungary, Kosovo, Liechtenstein (which is doubly landlocked), Luxembourg, North Macedonia, Moldova, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Switzerland, Vatican City. There are also central highlands and deserts features in the south. These physical features allowed for early communication, travel, and agricultural development. From the Greek perspective then, Europa was culturally backward and scantily settled. National Geographic Headquarters 1145 17th Street NW Washington, DC 20036. Can you think of anything notable you think I should have included? The study also showed that only 8 percent of respondents considered language-learning unimportant.The European Union has adopted a multilingual language policy with the goal that everyone should be able to speak at least two languages in addition to their own. El "cambio climtico" abarca el calentamiento global, pero se refiere a la gama ms amplia de cambios que le estn ocurriendo a nuestro planeta. Norway has the longest coastline in Europe. January average range from 13C in southern Spain and southern Greek islands to -20C in the northeastern part of European Russia. Antwerp is the biggest city of the country. Indented by numerous bays, fjords, and seas, continental Europes highly irregular coastline is about 24,000 miles (38,000 km) long. Related topics are discussed in such articles as those on religion (e.g., Judaism and Roman Catholicism) and literature (e.g., Greek literature; Dutch literature; and Spanish literature). Europes largest and longest river is the Volga. Understanding Europe's Topography. Inhabited plains, with only the minor interruption of the worn-down Urals, extend from central Europe to the Yenisey River in central Siberia. Europes continuing economic achievements are evidenced by its high standard of living and its successes in science, technology, and the arts. The western part of the continent clearly has a high proportion of coastline with good maritime access and often with . Fun Facts about Europe Europe is home to the smallest country in the world, the Holy See or the Vatican. This idea of citizenshipof being connected to and having a voice in your communitybecame the basic building block of democracy. In many places, including the Mediterranean and North seas, waters have been overfished. Join this channel to get access to perks:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC43qCBEfmy-wouPmYlLSpIg/join#europe #India #gypsiesContact Us- info@themysticaland.. 5. Today much of topography is focused on creating 3D representations of the Earth's surface. Some of these facts about Europe are newer than others. Around 400 CE, the Alemanni, a Germanic tribe, invaded present-day northern Switzerland. Luxembourg is a small country located in the Low Countries, part of North-West Europe It borders Belgium for 148 kilometres (92 miles) to the west and north, France (73 km [45 mi]) to the south, and Germany (138 km [86 mi]) to the east. Physiographically, it is the northwestern peninsula of the larger landmass known as Eurasia (or the larger Afro-Eurasia ); Asia occupies the centre and east of this continuous landmass. Only hill masses less than 800 feet (240 metres) in height rise gently within the Russian (East European) Plain, which continues northward into Finland, westward into the North European Plain, and southward in the Romanian, Bulgarian, and Hungarian plains. Literally, Europa is now thought to have meant Mainland, rather than the earlier interpretation, Sunset. It appears to have suggested itself to the Greeks, in their maritime world, as an appropriate designation for the extensive northerly lands that lay beyond, lands with characteristics vaguely known yet clearly different from those inherent in the concepts of Asia and Libyaboth of which, relatively prosperous and civilized, were associated closely with the culture of the Greeks and their predecessors. Imperialism is a policy of extending a nations power and influence through diplomacy or military force. 1. Estos incluyen el aumento del nivel del mar; la reduccin de los glaciares de montaa; aceleracin del derretimiento del hielo en Groenlandia, la Antrtida y el rtico; y cambios en los . The spacious eastern steppes and, to the west and north, primeval forests as yet only marginally touched by human occupancy further underlined environmental contrasts. Topographic maps show a wide range of human and physical features of the Earth. Topography Facts - Earth Science. Europe is the western peninsula of the giant "supercontinent" of Eurasia. Three smaller peninsulasIberia, Italy, and the Balkansemerge from the southern margin of the mainland. Other European islands are much smaller. Turku officials hope to inspire other European countries to undertake similar projects.Europe also strengthens ties between its diverse peoples and cultures by supporting multilingual education. The debate surrounding the cartoons also intensified strained relations between the Islamic world and the West.In 2010, the French government dismantled illegal immigrant camps throughout France. The highest peaks in those ranges are Mount Corno (9,554 feet [2,912 metres]) in the Abruzzi Apennines, Bobotov Kuk (8,274 feet [2,522 metres]) in the Dinaric Alps, Mount Botev (7,795 feet [2,376 metres]) in the Balkan Mountains, Gerlachovsk Peak (Gerlach; 8,711 feet [2,655 metres]) in the Western Carpathians, and Mount Moldoveanu (8,346 feet [2,544 metres]) in the Transylvanian Alps. It's a multi-lingual continent. Russia is Europe's largest country. Four broad topographic units can be simply, yet usefully, distinguished in the continent of Europe. As glaciers receded from the area, they left a number of distinct physical features, including abundant marshlands, lakes, and fjords. Iceland, having area of 103 000 km, is larger than Ireland (84 406 km). National Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization. Elevations in those areas are mainly between about 500 and 2,000 feet (150 and 600 metres), and many steep slopes are to be seen. On February 17, 2008, the province of Kosovo declared independence from Serbia and became Europe's youngest country. The European Union has 23 official languages, and the continent has more than 60 indigenous languages. Geography of Europe Europe is traditionally defined as one of seven continents. Europes largest islands and archipelagoes include Novaya Zemlya, Franz Josef Land, Svalbard, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, the British Isles, the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, Malta, Crete, and Cyprus. Still another scheme with many adherents locates the continental boundary along the Aras River and the Turkish border, thereby putting Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia in Europe. The western boundary is the Atlantic Ocean. The Sami followed and cared for these herds during their grazing cycle. Many Muslim organizations, however, saw the cartoons as bigoted, racist, and insulting. In order to distinguish herds, families and communities developed a pattern of cuts and notches on the animals ears.Reindeer were also the Samis main method of transporting goods during their nomadic journeys. Associated vegetation and soil forms also show continual variety, but only portions of the dominant woodland that clothed most of the continent when humans first appeared now remain. In 1397, Denmark's Queen Margaret created the Kalmar Union, which included Sweden, Finland, Norway . The Iron Curtain took on the physical shape of border defenses, walls, and limited diplomacy. She or he will best know the preferred format. Today, this cultural wealth is used to solidify the European Community and is exported to the rest of the world as one of the continents greatest global assets.Historic CulturesIndigenous cultures shaped, and were shaped by, the varied geography of Europe. Topography describes the physical features of an area of land. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. 3. As Ive talked about fire (volcanoes), it wouldnt be right to leave ice out of the geography facts of Europe. The empire of ancient Rome, at its greatest extent in the 2nd century ce, revealed, and imprinted its culture on, much of the face of the continent. The financial and diplomatic success of the EU has led to its rapid growth across the continent.The euro is one of the strongest currencies in the world. Table of contents: The Tallest Mountain in Europe The Largest Lake in Europe The Longest River in Europe The Highest Waterfall in Europe The Longest Beach in Europe The Deepest Cave in Europe The Tallest Volcano in Europe Biggest Glacier in Europe A small troop of Barbary macaques lives on the tiny island of Gibraltar, between Spain and the African country of Morocco.The waters surrounding Europe are home to a number of organisms, including fish, seaweeds, marine mammals, and crustaceans. That broad territory reveals no simple unity of geologic structure, landform, relief, or climate. As part of an international agreement signed at the conference, all 27 member states of the European Union agreed to reduce carbon emissions by 20 percent by 2020 (from 1990 levels).The EU also notified the UN of a conditional offer to increase this cut to 30 percent, provided that other major emitters agree to take on their fair share of a global reduction effort. 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